La plupart des pays d'Europe mais aussi du reste du monde sont confrontés aux difficultés liées aux migrations internationales et à l'intégration des minorités. Il revient en premier lieu aux villes de concevoir et de mettre en oeuvre des politiques favorisant la cohésion communautaire et présentant la diversité culturelle comme un facteur de développement plutôt que comme une menace.
Ce guide est destiné aux responsables municipaux et aux praticiens qui souhaitent tirer profit du projet pilote des cités interculturelles, mené conjointement par le Conseil de l'Europe et la Commission européenne, pour le développement d'une approche interculturelle de la gestion de la diversité et de l'intégration. Cette approche repose sur l'expérience de dizaines de villes qui ont réorienté leurs politiques et réorganisé leur gouvernance pour garantir l'égalité des chances et faire de la diversité un avantage.
Cet ouvrage indique des étapes à franchir et des mesures à prendre pour contribuer à l'élaboration d'une stratégie interculturelle et assurer le suivi de sa mise en oeuvre. Il illustre les éléments d'une telle stratégie par des analyses, des suggestions et des exemples de pratiques de différentes villes européennes.
Une ville qui s'engage sur la voie des cités interculturelles doit être confiante et inventive pour éventuellement adapter les actions et concepts généraux décrits dans ce guide aux circonstances locales.
Voilà pourquoi ce guide n'est pas un manuel d'instructions mais plutôt un aide-mémoire qui assistera les villes au fur et à mesure qu'elles traceront leur propre trajectoire.
Partant du constat que les décisions d'irrecevabilité (environ 95% du contentieux de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme) constituent la face immergée de l'iceberg, les initiateurs et responsables scientifiques de cette recherche ont pour ambition de faire la lumière sur un aspect délaissé et très mal connu de la jurisprudence de Strasbourg: la recevabilité. Cet ouvrage vise à mieux faire connaître cette phase fondamentale du filtrage des requêtes, avec l'examen de la recevabilité, cette dernière constituant à bien des égards, faute d'information suffisante, une entrave majeure dans l'exercice "éclairé" du droit de recours individuel.
En proposant l'analyse de l'introduction d'une requête et de son traitement, de toutes les conditions de recevabilité (avec les dernières jurisprudences), mais aussi des spécificités nationales (couvrant plus d'une dizaine de Hautes Parties contractantes à la Convention), cet ouvrage offre une étude inédite du filtrage par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme, sujet "crucial", pour reprendre les termes de Jean-Paul Costa et Françoise Tulkens, Président et Vice-Présidente de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme.
Emmener des élèves au Mémorial et au Musée d'Auschwitz-Birkenau est une lourde responsabilité. Cet acte citoyen important contribue néanmoins à mieux faire comprendre ce que représente Auschwitz alors que disparaissent les derniers survivants.Cet ouvrage est destiné à fa fois aux enseignants organisant des visites pédagogiques sur des lieux authentiques de mémoire, ainsi qu'aux guides, chercheurs et éducateurs qui, au quotidien, travaillent au contact des jeunes à Auschwitz.La visite d'un lieu authentique de mémoire n'a rien de magique et nécessite une méthodologie réfléchie appropriée. Afin de prévenir tout comportement inadéquat de la part des jeunes et un non-retour sur investissement, une préparation et une réflexion avant et après la visite s'imposent. Les enseignants doivent préparer les jeunes à une approche didactique qu'ils peuvent n'avoir jamais envisagée auparavant.Ce pack offre un aperçu de la complexité du comportement humain qui permet à l'eleve de mieux appréhender ce qu'est un citoyen. En quoi est-il directement concerné par ce qui s'est passé à Auschwitz ? Comment les mécanismes d'exclusion tels que développés dans le cas, sans précèdent, de l'Holocauste sont-ils encore présents et actifs dans la société européenne d'aujourd'hui, sous forme de racisme ou d'antisémitisme ?Enfin et surtout, les jeunes qui vont visiter Auschwitz dans les prochaines années deviendront les témoins des derniers témoins, les maillons de la mémoire. Leur génération sera la dernière à avoir entendu sur place les derniers survivants.Le Conseil de l'Europe, le ministère polonais de l'Education et le Mémorial et Musée d'Auschwitz-Birkenau sont à l'origine de ce projet commun dans une perspective de prévention des crimes contre l'humanité à partir de l'enseignement de la mémoire de l'Holocauste.
With the rise of the Internet, the opportunities to express oneself have grown exponentially, as have the challenges to freedom of expression. From the Arab Spring to the global Occupy movement, freedom of expression on the Internet has had a profound impact on the debates which shape our future. At the same time, an increasing number of states use the Internet to spy on journalists and citizens, to prosecute and jail bloggers, and to censor online information.
This book sets out to answer essential questions regarding the extent and limits of freedom of expression online. It seeks to shed light on the often obscure landscape of what we are allowed to say online and how our ideas, and the process of imparting and receiving information, are protected.
It shows the large ambit of rights protected by freedom of expression - including freedom of the media and the right to access information via the Internet. It also highlights the importance of the standard-setting, monitoring and promotion activities of international and non-governmental organisations, with a chapter on relevant national practices that illustrates how different states deal with the challenge that the Internet has brought to ensuring freedom of expression for all. As the importance of the Internet in our daily lives grows, readers will find this book to be a valuable resource for understanding the rights and obligations of each actor on the Internet, including states, Internet companies and civil society.
Dozens of investments have been made in cultural monuments and historic environments in the countries of South-East Europe over the last decade in accordance with the principles of the European Union and Council of Europe Ljubljana Process. Whether investing in cultural heritage actually produces dividends for local economies and improves the quality of life of communities has not been previously demonstrated, however. This book reports on a pilot exercise carried out by the Research Unit on South Eastern Europe at the European Institute of the London School of Economics and Political Science. It develops a methodology for the collection of evidence needed to monitor and evaluate the wider benefits of investment in cultural heritage.
This book presents the findings of a study on six completed projects in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It identifies the challenges to achieving sustainable development goals - and how they may be met - and the benefits, both direct and indirect, that can arise from developing and valorising cultural heritage sites and increasing their influence on the sustainability of the local economy and on quality of life.
On the basis of detailed case studies, the book provides an overview of the main challenges facing cultural heritage in South-East Europe from a pan-European perspective and analyses the institutional and policy framework for effective sustainable rehabilitation. It concludes with an assessment of lessons learned from the study and makes some suggestions for generating wider benefits from future investment in the cultural heritage of South-East Europe.
L'islamophobie peut se définir comme la peur, ou une vision altérée par des préjugés, de I'islam, des musulmans et des questions en rapport. Qu'elle se traduise par des actes quotidiens de racisme et de discrimination ou des manifestations plus violentes, I'islamophobie est une violation des droits de I'homme et une menace pour la cohésion sociale. Visiblement, les jeunes ne sont pas épargnés. Les jeunes hommes et les jeunes femmes sont directement affectés quand ils deviennent la cible d'attaques et de violences islamophobes. Mais, et c'est tout aussi important, ils sont également concernés par la montée générale de la discrimination et de la xénophobie, actives ou passives. Pendant ce séminaire ; I'islamophobie était discutée dans le contexte global du racisme et de la discrimination en Europe, dans leurs expressions anciennes et nouvelles. Les discussions ont aussi traité le regain troublant d'attaques antisémites, la romanophobie et la ségrégation des communautés roms et les manifestations persistantes de la discrimination à I'égard des minorités visibles.Le séminaire était organisé conjointement par le Conseil consultatif pour la jeunesse et la Commission européenne contre le racisme et l'intolérance. Le rapport d'lngrid Ramberg donne un compte-rendu personnel des sujets traités pendant le séminaire, aussi qu'une très utile documentation des présentations; ateliers et discussions. II contient une série de recommandations de principe visant à prévenir I'islamophobie et favoriser le respect interculturel et la coopération.
Freedom of expression is not absolute, even though it is a fundamental right enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights. Under the terms of the Article 10 of the Convention, its exercise may be subject to such restrictions as are prescribed by law and are "necessary in a democratic society" in order to uphold the rights of all individuals.
The author compares and analyses the protection of and limits on the right to freedom of expression in the case law of European constitutional courts and the European Court of Human Rights, drawing on practical examples, to see whether a common European approach exists in this area.
This report analyses the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in terms of the promotion of cultural diversity, as championed by the Council of Europe particularly through its "White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue" (2008). The Court's views on the governance principles and preconditions of intercultural dialogue - and particularly the case law on freedom of thought, conscience and religion, freedom of expression and freedom of association and assembly - provide guidelines for politicians, academics and practitioners alike.
Taking groups of students to the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum is a heavy responsibility, but it is a major contribution to citizenship if it fosters understanding of what Auschwitz stands for, particularly when the last survivors are at the end of their lives. It comes with certain risks, however.
This pack is designed for teachers wishing to organise student visits to authentic places of remembrance, and for the guides, academics and others who work every day with young people at Auschwitz.
There is nothing magical about visiting an authentic place of remembrance, and it calls for a carefully thought-out approach. To avoid the risk of inappropriate reactions or the failure to benefit from a large investment in travel and accommodation, considerable preparation and discussion is necessary before the visit and serious reflection afterwards. Teachers must prepare students for a form of learning they may never have met before.
This pack offers insights into the complexities of human behaviour so that students can have a better understanding of what it means to be a citizen. How are they concerned by what happened at Auschwitz? Is the unprecedented process of exclusion that was practised in the Holocaust still going on in Europe today? In what sense is it different from present-day racism and anti-Semitism?
The young people who visit Auschwitz in the next few years will be witnesses of the last witnesses, links in the chain of memory. Their generation will be the last to hear the survivors speaking on the spot.
The Council of Europe, the Polish Ministry of Education and the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum are jointly sponsoring this project aimed at preventing crimes against humanity through Holocaust remembrance teaching.
Migration to and within Europe has profoundly changed the life and image of the continent. This guide offers theoretical and practical tools for an innovative approach to a key political issue: how, along with our immigrant fellow-citizens, can we build a fair and plural society that ensures the well-being or all?
By moving beyond rigid categories like "foreigner", "immigrant" and "illegal , and ambiguous concepts like "identity", "diversity , "immigration control and "integration", this guide suggests that policy makers, civil servants and citizens need to question their own vocabulary if they are to grasp the complexity and uniqueness or people's migration paths.
Perceiving migrants simply from the host country's point or view - the security, well-being and life-style of its nationals - has limitations. We cannot see people of foreign origin only as a threat or a resource to be exploited. If we see them as stereotypes, we are seeing only a mirror of European fears and contradictory aspirations. This guide helps readers decode and address the structural problems of our society, looking at the accusations made against migrants and the utilitarian view or the advantages that immigrants bring to host societies.
In publishing this guide, the Council or Europe is seeking to initiate an in-depth debate on the migration issue, which is so high on the European political agenda.
The objective of this manual is to support teachers and practitioners in Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education (EDC/HRE). It addresses key questions about EDC and HRE, including competences for democratic citizenship, the objectives and basic principles of EDC/HRE, and a whole school approach to education for democracy and human rights.
The manual consists of three parts. Part I outlines the basic principles of EDC/HRE as far as they are helpful and meaningful for the practitioner. Part II gives guidelines and tools to design, support and assess the students' processes of constructivist and interactive learning. Part III provides toolboxes for teachers and students in EDC/HRE.
The other volumes in this series offer concrete teaching models and materials in EDC/HRE for pupils from elementary to upper secondary level.
Political rhetoric on human rights in Europe is different from daily reality. Almost every politician is on record as favouring the protection of freedom and justice. Standards on human rights have been agreed at European and international level; many have been integrated into national law; but they are not consistently enforced. There is an implementation gap. It is this implementation gap that this book seeks to address. It is built on a compilation of separate "viewpoints" or articles which Thomas Hammarberg has written, and later updated, since beginning his mandate as Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights in April 2006. He has now visited almost all of the 47 member states of the Council of Europe. On each visit he has met victims of violations of human rights and their families, leading politicians, prosecutors, judges, ombudsmen, religious leaders, journalists and civil society representatives as well as inmates of prisons and other institutions, law enforcement personnel and others. The "viewpoints" written on the basis of these many visits summarise his reflections, conclusions and recommendations.
What laws should states enact to protect and promote their cultural heritage, and what administrative systems can they put in place to manage their cultural heritage policies most effectively? This revised and expanded guidance document aims to provide authoritative information on good practice in three primary areas:
- the architectural heritage;
- the archaeological heritage; and
- the movable heritage.
Consideration is given to integrated approaches to conservation, in particular those which take into account the global concept of sustainable development and the need for community involvement in formulating legal and institutional mechanisms.
This publication is part of a series launched in 2000 on topics of general interest, based on experience acquired through pilot projects in different countries, and made available to all those involved in heritage in the member states of the Council of Europe.
Many people in Europe are stigmatised because of their sexual orientation or gender identity and cannot fully enjoy their universal human rights. Some of them are victims of violence, others have fled to Europe from countries where they risk being persecuted. Organisations representing lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons have been denied registration or banned from organising peaceful meetings in some states in Europe. Too few politicians have taken a firm stand against homophobic and transphobic expressions, discrimination and violence. This report presents the results of the largest socio-legal study ever carried out on discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity in the 47 member states of the Council of Europe. Six thematic chapters give a broad overview of the human rights situation of LGBT persons and recommendations are provided for developing and implementing effective measures to address discrimination. The report is intended as a tool for dialogue with authorities and other stakeholders. It constitutes a baseline study for further action in both legislative and policy fields to ensure that all LGBT people can effectively exercise their human rights.
Not by bread alone gathers essays on higher education, including some written especially for this book. They cover three key areas: the missions of higher education, public responsibility and qualifications. Together, these essays spell out a view of higher education as a key factor in developing modern societies built on the fundamental Council of Europe values of democracy, human rights and the rule of law. They also underline the key role of higher education in developing the ability of our societies to conduct intercultural dialogue.
To fulfil its role, higher education needs to prepare for citizenship as well as for employment, for personal development as well as for the development of a broad knowledge base. Our vision of higher education and its multiple purposes must be reflected in the way we view qualifications. We also need to take a close look at how the public responsibility for higher education and research can best be exercised in a society with many actors, all of which have their own legitimate agendas. In this situation, public authorities have an overall responsibility for coherent education policies.
Defending ethics in sport is vital in order to combat the problems of corruption, violence, drugs, extremism and other forms of discrimination it is currently facing. Sport reflects nothing more and nothing less than the societies in which it takes place. However, if sport is to continue to bring benefits for individuals and societies, it cannot afford to neglect its ethical values or ignore these scourges.
The major role of the Council of Europe and the Enlarged Partial Agreement on Sport (EPAS) in addressing the new challenges to sports ethics was confirmed by the 11th Council of Europe Conference of Ministers responsible for Sport, held in Athens on 11 and 12 December 2008. A political impetus was given on 16 June 2010 by the Committee of Ministers, with the adoption of an updated version of the Code of Sports Ethics (Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)9), emphasising the requisite co-ordination between governments and sports organisations.
The EPAS prepared the ministerial conference and stepped up its work in an international conference organised with the University of Rennes, which was attended by political leaders, athletes, researchers and officials from the voluntary sector. The key experiences described in the conference and the thoughts that it prompted are described in this publication. All the writers share the concern that the end result should be practical action - particularly in terms of the setting of standards - that falls within the remit of the EPAS and promotes the Council of Europe's core values.
Inequality limits young people's chances in life. Yet equality is the basis of democracy and Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights secures the rights and freedoms of the young "without discrimination on any ground". Research shows that inequality - in opportunities, wealth or health, for example - is widespread in Europe and that the citizens of richer countries do not necessarily have healthier profiles than those of poorer countries. The citizens of egalitarian countries, on the other hand, have the highest life expectancy. This book examines many aspects of inequality and opportunity for young people including schooling, employment, social exclusion, labour migration, trafficking, disability, cultural and religious discrimination, youth work, and opposition and resistance.
A gyermekbarát igazságszolgáltatásról szól iránymutatást és annak magyarázatát az Európa Tanács 2010-ben fogadta el. A meglév nemzetkzi és európai normákon, külnsen a gyermek jogairól szóló ENSZ-egyezményen és az emberi jogokról szóló európai egyezményen alapuló iránymutatás biztosítani kívánja, hogy a gyermekek ténylegesen igénybe vehessék az igazságszolgáltatást, és annak keretei kztt megfelel bánásmódban részesüljenek. Az iránymutatás minden olyan helyzetre érvényes, amelyben a gyermekek bármely okból és bármilyen minségben kapcsolatba kerülhetnek a büntetjog, a polgári jog vagy a kzigazgatási jog területén az igazságszolgáltatási rendszerrel. Felidézi és támogatja a gyermek mindenek felett álló érdekeire, a gondoskodásra, a tiszteletre és a részvételre vonatkozó elvet, valamint az egyenl bánásmód és a jogállamiság elvét. Olyan kérdésekkel foglalkozik, mint a tájékoztatáshoz, a képviselethez és a részvételhez való jog, a magánélet védelme és a biztonság, a multidiszciplináris megkzelítés és a képzés, eljárási garanciák és a szabadságelvonás.
Az iránymutatás sztnzi az Európa Tanács 47 tagállamát, hogy igazítsák jogrendszerüket a gyermekek sajátos igényeihez, áthidalva szakadékot az nemzetkzileg elfogadott elvek és a valóság kztt. Ebbl a célból a magyarázatban példák találhatók a helyes gyakorlatokra és megoldási javaslatok olvashatók a gyermekekre vonatkozó igazságszolgáltatás terén tapasztalható jogi és gyakorlati hiányosságok leküzdésére és orvoslására.
Az iránymutatás szerves részét képezi az Európa Tanács gyermekjogi stratégiájának és Építsük Európát a gyermekekért, a gyermekekkel! elnevezés programjának. A tagállamokban a tervek szerint népszersítési, együttmkdési és figyelemmelkísérési tevékenységek fognak indulni az iránymutatás minden gyermek javát szolgáló hatékony alkalmazásának biztosítása céljából.
Euroopan neuvosto hyväksyi lapsiystävällisen oikeudenkäytn suuntaviivat ja niiden perustelut vuonna 2010. Suuntaviivat perustuvat voimassa oleviin kansallisiin ja eurooppalaisiin normeihin, erityisesti lapsen oikeuksia koskevaan YK:n yleissopimukseen ja Euroopan ihmisoikeussopimukseen. Niiden tavoitteena on taata lapsille tehokas ja asianmukainen vireillepano-oikeus ja oikeus nopeaan ja asianmukaiseen käsittelyyn oikeusjärjestelmässä. Niitä sovelletaan kaikkiin tilanteisiin, joissa lapset todennäkisesti joutuvat, millä perusteella tai missä asemassa tahansa, tekemisiin rikos-, siviili- tai hallinto-oikeudellisen järjestelmän kanssa. Niissä muistutetaan lapsen etua, huolenpitoa ja kunnioittamista, osallistumista, tasa-arvoista kohtelua ja oikeusvaltiota koskevista periaatteista ja edistetään niiden täytäntnpanoa. Suuntaviivoissa käsitellään tiedonsaanti-, osallistumis- ja edustetuksi tulemisen oikeutta, yksityisyyden suojaa, turvallisuutta, monialaista lähestymistapaa ja koulutusta, oikeusturvaa menettelyn kaikissa vaiheissa ja vapaudenmenetystä.
Euroopan neuvoston 47:ää jäsenvaltiota kehotetaan mukauttamaan oikeudelliset järjestelmänsä lasten tarpeiden mukaisiksi ja kaventamaan kuilua kansainvälisesti hyväksyttyjen periaatteiden ja todellisuuden välillä. Perusteluissa annetaan tätä tarkoitusta varten esimerkkejä hyvistä käytännistä ja ehdotetaan ratkaisuja, joilla voidaan puuttua lapsia koskevassa oikeudenkäytssä oleviin oikeudellisiin ja käytännn puutteisiin ja korjata niitä.
Nämä suuntaviivat muodostavat erottamattoman osan Euroopan neuvoston lasten oikeuksia koskevaa strategiaa ja sen ohjelmaa Euroopan rakentaminen lapsia varten ja heidän kanssaan. Jäsenvaltioissa suunnitellaan monia edistämis-, yhteisty- ja valvontatoimia, joilla on määrä varmistaa suuntaviivojen täytäntnpano kaikkien lasten hyväksi.
Smernice za otrokom prijazno pravosodje in njihov obrazlozitveni memorandum je Svet Evrope sprejel leta 2010. V skladu z obstojecimi mednarodnimi in evropskimi standardi, zlasti s Konvencijo Zdruzenih narodov o otrokovih pravicah in Evropsko konvencijo o clovekovih pravicah, so bile oblikovane zato, da bi otrokom zagotovile ucinkovit dostop do sodnega varstva in ustrezno obravnavanje v pravosodju. Veljajo za vse okoliscine, v katerih bi otroci lahko iz kakrsnega koli razloga in v kakrsni koli obliki prisli v stik s kazenskim, civilnim ali upravnim sodnim sistemom. Opozarjajo na nacela otrokovih koristi, skrbi in spostovanja, udelezbe, enakega obravnavanja in pravne drzave ter ta nacela spodbujajo. Smernice obravnavajo vprasanja, kot so pravica do obvescenosti, zastopnika in udelezbe, varstvo zasebnosti, varnost, multidisciplinarni pristop in usposabljanje, zascitni ukrepi v vseh fazah postopka ter odvzem prostosti.
47 drzav clanic Sveta Evrope se spodbuja, da prilagodijo svoj pravni system posebnim potrebam otrok ter premostijo vrzel med mednarodno sprejetimi naceli in dejanskim stanjem. Zato obrazlozitveni memorandum vsebuje primere dobrih praks ter predlaga resitve za obravnavo in odpravo pravnih in prakticnih vrzeli v pravosodju za otroke.
Te smernice so sestavni del strategije Sveta Evrope o otrokovih pravicah in njegovega programa "Gradimo Evropo za otroke in z njimi". V drzavah clanicah je v nacrtu niz predstavitvenih, sodelovalnih in spremljevalnih dejavnosti, da bi se zagotovilo ucinkovito izvajanje teh smernic v korist vseh otrok.
Euroopa Nõukogu võttis lapsesõbraliku õigusemõistmise suunised ja nende seletuskirja vastu 2010. aastal. Suunised tuginevad kehtivatele rahvusvahelistele ja Euroopa normidele, eelkõige ÜRO lapse õiguste konventsioonile ja Euroopa inimõiguste konventsioonile, ning nende eesmärk on tagada õiguskaitse reaalne kättesaadavus lastele ja laste sobiv kohtlemine õigusemõistmisel. Suunised on kohaldatavad kõikides olukordades, kus lapsed võivad mis tahes põhjusel ja mis tahes rollis puutuda kokku kriminaal-, tsiviil- või haldusõigussüsteemiga. Neis tuletatakse meelde ja edendatakse lapse parimate huvide, hoolivuse, lugupidamise, osalemise, võrdse kohtlemise ja õigusriigi põhimõtteid. Suunised käsitlevad selliseid küsimusi nagu õigus teabele, esindatusele ja osalemisele, eraelu puutumatus, ohutus, valdkonnaülene käsitusviis ja koolitus, tagatised kõigis menetlusastmetes ja vabadusekaotus.
Euroopa Nõukogu 47 liikmesriiki kutsutakse üles kohandama oma õigussüsteeme laste erivajadustele, et vähendada lõhet rahvusvaheliselt kokkulepitud põhimõtete ja tegelikkuse vahel. Sel eesmärgil tuuakse seletuskirjas näiteid heade tavade kohta ning soovitatakse lahendusi õiguslike ja praktiliste puudujääkide käsitlemiseks ja kõrvaldamiseks lastega seotud õigusemõistmisel.
Suunised moodustavad lahutamatu osa Euroopa Nõukogu lapse õiguste strateegiast ja programmist Euroopa laste jaoks ja koos lastega. Liikmesriikides kavandatakse mitmesuguseid edendus-, koost- ja järelevalvemeetmeid, et tagada suuniste tulemuslik rakendamine kõigi laste hüvanguks.
As diretrizes sobre justiça adaptada às crianças e a respetiva exposição de motivos foram adotados pelo Conselho da Europa em 2010. Tendo por base normas internacionais e europeias existentes, em especial a Convenção das Nações Unidas sobre os Direitos da Criança e a Convenção Europeia dos Direitos do Homem, as diretrizes visam garantir às crianças o acesso efetivo à justiça e o tratamento adequado na justiça. Aplicam-se a todas as situações nas quais seja provável que as crianças, seja por que razão e em que qualidade for, tenham de contactar com o sistema judicial penal, civil ou administrativo. Evocam e promovem os princípios do interesse superior da criança, do cuidado e do respeito, da participação, da igualdade de tratamento e do primado do direito. As diretrizes abordam matérias como o direito à informação, à representação e à participação, a proteção da privacidade, a segurança, a abordagem e a formação multidisciplinares, as garantias em todas as fases do processo e a privação de liberdade.
Incentiva-se os 47 Estados membros do Conselho da Europa a adaptarem os respetivos sistemas jurídicos às necessidades específicas das crianças, aproximando os princípios internacionalmente acordados e a realidade. Para tal, a exposição de motivos fornece exemplos de boas práticas e propõe soluções para abordar e colmatar as lacunas jurídicas e práticas na justiça de menores.
As presentes diretrizes são parte integrante da Estratégia do Conselho da Europa para os direitos da criança e do programa «Construir uma Europa para e com as crianças». Está planeada uma série de atividades de promoção, cooperação e acompanhamento nos Estados membros, com vista a assegurar a aplicação efetiva das diretrizes em benefício de todas as crianças.
Orientarile privind justitia în interesul copilului si expunerea de motive a acestora au fost adoptate de Consiliul Europei în 2010. Pe baza standardelor internationale si europene existente, în special Conventia Organizatiei Natiunilor Unite privind drepturile copilului si Conventia europeana privind drepturile omului, orientarile sunt menite sa garanteze accesul eficient al copiilor la justitie, precum si la un tratament adecvat în cadrul acesteia. Orientarile se aplica în toate situatiile în care copiii pot intra în contact cu sistemul de drept penal, civil sau administrativ, indiferent de motiv si în orice capacitate. Acestea reamintesc si promoveaza principiile privind interesele superioare ale copilului, îngrijirile si respectul, participarea, egalitatea de tratament si statul de drept. Orientarile abordeaza probleme precum dreptul la informare, reprezentare si participare, protectia vietii private, siguranta, abordarea multidisciplinara si formarea profesionala, garantii în toate etapele procedurale si privarea de libertate.
Cele 47 de state membre ale Consiliului Europei sunt încurajate sa îsi adapteze sistemele judiciare la nevoile specifice ale copiilor, solutionând diferentele dintre principiile convenite la nivel international si realitatea cotidiana. În acest scop, expunerea de motive ofera exemple de bune practici si propune solutii pentru abordarea si remedierea lacunelor teoretice si practice din justitia pentru copii.
Prezentele orientari formeaza parte integranta din strategia Consiliului Europei privind drepturile copiilor si programul "Construirea unei Europe cu si pentru copii". Statele membre planifica o serie de activitati de promovare, cooperare si monitorizare în vederea asigurarii punerii în aplicare eficiente a orientarilor în beneficiul tuturor copiilor.
